Most Afghan Christians are converts from Islam; practicing their faith openly is basically impossible. In Afghanistan, leaving Islam is considered shameful by family and community, and conversion is punishable by death under Islamic law This has been increasingly enforced since the Taliban took control of the country in 2021. If converts are discovered, the family, clan or tribe may try to preserve its ‘honour‘ and deal with the convert through pressure, violence or even murder. If a convert’s faith is discovered by the government, many have no other option but to try to flee. Women and ethnic minorities experience additional oppression, so Christians among these groups live under unthinkable pressure.